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From Wiktionary under the GNU Free Documentation License. Logic (from the Greek λογική logikē) is the study of reasoning. Logic is used in most intellectual activities, but is studied primarily in the disciplines of philosophy, mathematics, and computer science. Logic examines general forms which arguments may take, which forms are valid, and which are fallacies. It is one kind of critical thinking. In philosophy, the study of logic falls in the area of epistemology, which asks: "How do we know what we know?" In mathematics, it is the study of valid inferences within some formal language. Logic has origins in several ancient civilizations, including ancient India, China and Greece. Logic was established as a discipline by Aristotle, who established its fundamental place in philosophy. The study of logic was part of the classical trivium. Averroes defined logic as "the tool for distinguishing between the true and the false"; Richard Whately, '"the Science, as well as the Art, of reasoning"; and Frege, "the science of the most general laws of truth". The article Definitions of logic provides citations for these and other definitions. Logic is often divided into two parts, inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. The first is drawing general conclusions from specific examples, the second drawing logical conclusions from definitions and axioms. A similar dichotomy, used by Aristotle, is analysis and synthesis. Here the first takes an object of study and examines its component parts. The second considers how parts can be combined to form a whole. Logic is also studied in argumentation theory. From Wikipedia under the
GNU Free Documentation License .......LOGIC........? Q. is it logical to believe science refutes God simply based on the technical layout of science? neutrons and atoms mean what? science can only theorize the creation of earth and beyond death experience... these ideals are no better then religion... is that logic? is it logical to become an atheist bcause you disagree with religion? god is only religion? is it logical to think god can co-exist with science as the same entity, it seems impossible that everything would come from the very depths of nothing... but here we are! why believe occurrence and not intent? does logic die? answers?... by the way Im not religious, I take turns questioning all sides of belief, and I do so respectfully so I would appreciate maturity and no… [cont.] Asked by oMega M - Wed Sep 9 21:09:18 2009 - - 19 Answers - 0 Comments A. the old standby...god of the gaps...yet another logical fallacy - There is a gap in understanding of some aspect of the natural world. Therefore the cause must be supernatural Answered by CorruptedSpirit,VT, AM Associate - Wed Sep 9 21:16:07 2009 How has science and logic become the final authority for so many people? Q. Science How did it go from a study of facts...to a philosophy and an unassailable authority on what is? Science is a handy and useful tool, but hardly infallible. Logic Only one lobe of the brain is tied to logic, fully half of the brain is completely independent from logic to deal with the many esoteric issues of life...so why does logic become the ultimate authority? ...does it not equate to foolishness to require that all truth fit into these narrow confines? Asked by No Chance Without Jesus - Fri Jan 22 16:15:26 2010 - - 31 Answers - 0 Comments A. I agree, Brother. When someone in history claims to have witnessed an exception to the law, particularly one performed by someone who was purported to have previously performed a number of them in public; and which was witnessed by hundreds of people; and which was supported by myriad documentary evidence and when even the contemporary detractors, of whom there were many, never even appeared to contest it; one wonders then what "science" can profitably say about it. Scientists, qua scientists, can't say anything about whether these events were exceptions to natural laws precisely because they weren't there to observe them. One could say that makes them "unfalsifiable" and therefore "unscientific," to which the answer is, "So what?" The… [cont.] Answered by A Friend - Fri Jan 22 17:18:19 2010 How to translate this sentence into monadic predicate logic?
Q. How can I translate this sentence into monadic predicate logic using only the operators , ~ and &: "Everyone loves someone who doesn't love them in return" sorry about all the confusion (Great answer though!) I actually meant GPL (general predicate logic) - bombs away! Asked by nandayo - Tue Oct 6 05:10:06 2009 - - 5 Answers - 1 Comments A. Hi Let 'L__' mean '... loves ...'. So, if 'a' refers to Abigail and 'b' refers to Brittany, 'Lab' reads 'Abigail loves Brittany', and 'Lba' reads 'Brittany loves Abigail'. Your sentence can't be translated into monadic predicate logic: 'loves' is a relation, not a monadic predicate, and so you'll need to use a dyadic (two-placed) predicate like 'L__'. The most natural way of translating 'Everyone loves someone who doesn't love them in return' would be to use the universal quantifier, but I see that you're allowed to use only 'E' (I can't get the normal symbol for the existential quantifier on here), '~' and '&'. I'd suggest translating it with a universal quantifier first, and then converting your universally quantified formula into an… [cont.] Answered by Melanie - Tue Oct 6 19:10:12 2009 From Yahoo Answer Search: "Logic" Quotes about logic, rationality, and logical fallacies. ContentsSourcedLogic and rationality
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